A finite population without imposing the Verhulst factor

<div>The necessity of imposing the concept of a carrying capacity was investigated within the framework of the Penna Model. We find that the number of deaths in a population approaches a saturation point. The carrying capacity – Verhulst factor, is the main contributing factor for deaths, over 70%, in an 8-bit Penna model. Only 3% and 20% of the deaths are caused by old age and mutation accumulation, respectively. However, the effect of the common method of accounting for a carrying capacity is diminished as the bit-string length of the Penna Model is decreased.